The body cannot handle a high level of ketones. While it can get rid of some in the urine, ketones may eventually build up, causing the blood to become too acidic. This can lead to complications, such as DKA. Anyone with diabetes who experiences the following symptoms should seek immediate emergency treatment:. Learn more about diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperglycemia is high blood glucose that can occur as a result of insufficient or ineffective insulin, diet, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Symptoms include frequent urination, intense thirst, and high blood sugar readings during self-monitoring. If a person does not address high blood glucose, they might develop ketoacidosis, a dangerous buildup of waste products that can lead to diabetic coma.
Treatment includes adjustments in diabetes medication, exercise, and eating less during meals. Wearing a medical ID is essential for people who have diabetes, as this can impact other treatments. Insulin and glucagon are hormones that help to regulate blood sugar levels. In imbalance of either of these important chemical messengers can play a…. To maintain the right amount of blood sugar, the body needs insulin, a hormone that delivers this sugar to the cells.
When insulin is lacking, blood…. When blood sugar levels become very high or low, a diabetic coma can result. This is a medical emergency, but with rapid treatment, a person can…. What is hyperglycemia? Symptoms, treatments, causes, and all else you need to know. Symptoms Treatment Causes Hypoglycemia With diabetes Complications Takeaway Hyperglycemia refers to high levels of sugar, or glucose, in the blood. Hyperglycemia vs. Someone who isn't testing regularly might have blood sugar levels high enough to damage the body without even realizing it.
The HbA1c test can show if someone has been having significant hyperglycemia over time, even though the person may not have had obvious symptoms. If you find that your child is having a lot of high blood sugar levels, the diabetes health care team may suggest changing the diabetes medicines or meal plan to bring the levels back into a healthy range. In other cases, an equipment issue, like an insulin pump problem or expired insulin, may be the cause.
Make sure you contact the diabetes team if your child's blood sugar levels are often above the target range. Treating high blood sugar levels means correcting their cause. The diabetes health care team will give you specific advice on how to keep your child's blood sugar levels in a healthy range.
But here are some suggestions for managing some causes of hyperglycemia:. A single high blood sugar reading usually isn't cause for alarm — it happens to everyone with diabetes from time to time. However, consistently high blood sugar levels need to be addressed. Insulin lets glucose get into the body's cells.
Without enough insulin, the body can't use glucose for energy and starts to use fat for fuel. This can happen, for example, when someone skips doses of insulin or when the need for insulin suddenly increases for example, due to stress or illness and the doses are not adjusted. When the body uses fat for energy, chemicals called ketones are released into the blood, causing diabetic ketoacidosis DKA. Some of the ketones, like extra glucose, exit the body through urine. But high levels of ketones in the blood can be a problem because they cause the blood to become acidic.
Too much acid in the blood throws off the body's chemical balance. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a very serious — but completely preventable — condition that can lead to coma or death if it's not treated quickly. It happens more often in people with type 1 diabetes, but can sometimes happen in people with type 2 diabetes. Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis usually don't start all at once — they usually come on slowly over several hours.
Signs and symptoms include:. What should my blood sugar level be? What causes high blood sugar? A variety of things can trigger an increase in blood sugar level in people with diabetes, including: stress an illness, such as a cold eating too much, such as snacking between meals a lack of exercise missing a dose of your diabetes medicine or taking an incorrect dose overtreating an episode of low blood sugar hypoglycaemia taking certain medicines, such as steroids Occasional episodes of hyperglycaemia can also occur in children and young adults during growth spurts.
Treating hyperglycaemia If you have been diagnosed with diabetes and have symptoms of hyperglycaemia, follow the advice your care team has given you to reduce your blood sugar level. If you're not sure what to do, contact a GP or your care team.
You may be advised to: change your diet — for example, you may be advised to avoid foods that cause your blood sugar levels to rise, such as cakes or sugary drinks drink plenty of sugar-free fluids — this can help if you're dehydrated exercise more often — gentle, regular exercise such as walking can often lower your blood sugar level, particularly if it helps you lose weight if you use insulin, adjust your dose — your care team can give you specific advice about how to do this You may also be advised to monitor your blood sugar level more closely, or test your blood or urine for substances called ketones associated with diabetic ketoacidosis.
When to get urgent medical attention Contact your diabetes care team immediately if you have a high blood sugar level and experience the following symptoms: feeling or being sick tummy abdominal pain and diarrhoea rapid, deep breathing a fever 38C or above for more than 24 hours signs of dehydration , such as a headache , dry skin and a weak, rapid heartbeat difficulty staying awake These symptoms could be a sign of a more serious complication of hyperglycaemia, such as diabetic ketoacidosis or a hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state, and you may need to be looked after in hospital.
How to prevent hyperglycaemia There are simple ways to reduce your risk of severe or prolonged hyperglycaemia: Be careful what you eat — be particularly aware of how snacking and eating sugary foods or carbohydrates can affect your blood sugar level. Stick to your treatment plan — remember to take your insulin or other diabetes medications as recommended by your care team.
Be as active as possible — getting regular exercise can help stop your blood sugar level rising, but you should check with your doctor first if you're taking diabetes medication, as some medicines can lead to hypoglycaemia if you exercise too much. Take extra care when you're ill — your care team can provide you with some "sick day rules" that outline what you can do to keep your blood sugar level under control during an illness. Monitor your blood sugar level — your care team may suggest using a device to check your level at home so you can spot an increase early and take steps to stop it.
Because insulin is present but not working properly, the body can't use either glucose or fat for energy. Glucose is then spilled into the urine, causing increased urination. Left untreated, diabetic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state can lead to life-threatening dehydration and coma.
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This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview High blood sugar hyperglycemia affects people who have diabetes. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Hyperglycemia high blood glucose. American Diabetes Association.
Accessed June 5, What is diabetes? McCulloch DK. Management of persistent hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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