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Lavanya Rathnam October 5, What is a layer 3 switch? Features of a layer 3 switch The features of a layer 3 switch are: Comes with 24 Ethernet ports, but no WAN interface.
Acts as a switch to connect devices within the same subnet. Switching algorithm is simple and is the same for most routed protocols. Performs on two OSI layers — layer 2 and layer 3. Purpose of a layer 3 switch There is a ton of confusion about the use of a layer 3 switch because in a traditional setup, routers operate at layer 3 of the OSI model while switches operate at layer 2.
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Lifewire Technology Review Board Member. Article reviewed on Jul 16, Tweet Share Email. In This Article. What Is a Layer 3 Switch? Routers do this using an IP routing table. In that table, they have either static or dynamic routes. If that destination IP is not found in the table the router drops the packet, unless it has a default route. Routers form broadcast domains because they drop broadcast packets. A Layer 3 switch works much like a router because it has the same IP routing table for lookups and it forms a broadcast domain.
In other words, the Layer 3 switch is really like a high-speed router without the WAN connectivity. This means that the Layer 3 switch is really for large Ethernet networks that need to subnet into smaller networks.
Most of the time, this is done using VLANs. When it comes to Layer 3 switching, there are two kinds: hardware and software. With a hardware-based solution, the device is using an ASIC a dedicated chip to perform the function. With the software implementation, the device is using a computer processor and software to perform the function. Generally, Layer 3 switches and high-end routers route packets using hardware ASICs and general-purpose routers use software to perform routing functions.
One hundred yards away, you can have another switch port, in another building. Both of those switch ports can be in the same VLAN and only those two switch ports can talk, despite the fact that they are separated by multiple buildings and are connected by a yard fiber optic cable. If devices on different VLANs need to communicate, they would talk to each other via a trunk port on a router. That trunk port and the processing power of the router would create a bottleneck for communications.
With a Layer 3 switch, routing and trunking are performed at very high speeds. All the routing can be done right on the switch. You should investigate getting a Layer 3 switch if you can answer yes to any of the following questions:.
I agree that performance can greatly be achieved, but the purpose of segmenting network VLAN mainly is to reduce broadcast rate and SECURITY purpose, with layer3 switch, we can improve its performance, but how about security?
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